Public Safety & Workplace Alerting - Blog | PEASI

Civil Emergency Alerts | What They Are and How to Respond | PEASI

Written by Shari Romeril | Nov 19, 2020 7:00:00 AM

Civil emergency alerts are issued in response to serious threats that demand immediate action to protect public safety, health, or welfare. These emergencies are typically caused by human actions—such as mass shootings, terrorist attacks, or major disruptions to public infrastructure- and require swift, coordinated responses from authorities. The purpose of a civil emergency alert is to inform the public quickly so that individuals can take the necessary steps to stay safe, reduce harm, and help restore normalcy.

In Canada, the authority to issue civil emergency alerts lies with various levels of government and public safety organizations. These alerts are sent out using official emergency alerting systems like Alert Ready, reaching people through phones, media broadcasts, and other digital platforms. This blog will explore what qualifies as a civil emergency, who can issue these alerts, and what kind of incidents trigger them.

We'll also walk you through how to respond when you receive a civil emergency alert—whether that means sheltering in place, evacuating, or taking other immediate precautions. Lastly, for those whose devices may not be compatible with Alert Ready, we’ll share alternate ways to stay informed so you never miss critical updates, no matter what.

What Is a Civil Emergency?

The definition of a civil emergency can vary slightly depending on where you are from. According to Alert Ready, the Canadian national alert system, “a civil emergency occurs when humans cause a disruption of services or require varying levels of support, law enforcement or attention.” A civil emergency can occur for various reasons, including disasters, technological failures, or human actions. 

The primary objective during a civil emergency in Canada is to manage the crisis effectively to protect public safety, restore order, and ensure a swift recovery. Alerts are only issued after careful consideration and evaluation of the situation’s severity, ensuring that the public is informed when it is crucial for their safety and well-being. Civil emergency alerts are designed to prompt immediate action, whether it’s evacuating an area, avoiding a specific location, or following other safety directives. By understanding the Canadian definition of a civil emergency, citizens can better appreciate the importance of these alerts and the critical role they play in maintaining public safety during times of crisis.

Key Characteristics of a Civil Emergency

Civil emergencies share several defining features that make them distinct from other types of alerts:

  • Immediacy - These situations demand a fast response. Delays can lead to greater harm or escalate the threat.
  • Severity - Civil emergencies often involve significant danger to life or property, with widespread impacts that require large-scale emergency response efforts.
  • Coordination - Effective handling of a civil emergency involves multiple layers of government, law enforcement, health services, and community organizations working together.

Understanding these traits helps citizens recognize the gravity of a civil emergency alert and take the situation seriously. Knowing what to expect and how to respond can make a meaningful difference in protecting yourself and those around you.

Who Issues Civil Emergency Alerts?

Civil emergency alerts are issued exclusively by official and authorized bodies to ensure that the information shared with the public is accurate, timely, and trustworthy. These entities are responsible for evaluating the situation and activating alert systems when immediate action is required to protect lives and public safety. Here are the main authorities involved in issuing civil emergency alerts across Canada:

  • Federal Government - Federal agencies, such as emergency management organizations and national security agencies, have the authority to issue alerts for nationwide emergencies or major incidents that impact multiple regions. These alerts address various issues. For example, terrorist threats or a national security crisis.
  • Provincial Governments - In many regions, provincial governments manage emergencies that affect their specific areas. These alerts help to provide localized information and instructions.
  • Local Authorities - Municipalities or local emergency management agencies are responsible for issuing alerts related to incidents within their jurisdictions. An example is localized public safety threats. These alerts provide immediate and relevant information for residents in affected areas.

These authorities use various communication channels, including emergency alert systems, media broadcasts, and social media, to disseminate alerts and ensure that the information reaches those who need it most.

Examples of a Civil Emergency

Civil emergencies often arise from human-made crises—intentional or accidental events that disrupt public safety and demand immediate intervention. In Canada, these situations are rare but serious, and they require fast, coordinated responses. Civil emergency alerts play a vital role in notifying the public when such threats arise.

  • Terrorist Attack: 2014 Parliament Hill, Ottawa - In October 2014, a gunman fatally shot a soldier at the National War Memorial before entering Parliament Hill, prompting a lockdown in the heart of Canada’s government. Civil emergency alerts during such attacks help warn the public to avoid the area and follow safety instructions, ensuring law enforcement can manage the threat without additional civilian risk.
  • Mass Shooting: 2020 Nova Scotia Tragedy - In April 2020, a gunman carried out one of Canada’s deadliest mass shootings, taking 22 lives across multiple locations in rural Nova Scotia. During this crisis, civil emergency alerts played a vital role in warning residents to shelter in place, avoid specific areas, and stay informed until the threat was resolved.

What to Do When You Receive a Civil Emergency Alert

Civil emergency alerts are not just notifications — they are calls to action that can save lives. While they may sometimes seem alarming or even disruptive, these alerts are issued with one goal in mind: to protect you. Knowing how to respond can make all the difference during a crisis.

Immediate Actions to Take When You Receive A Civil Emergency Alert

When a civil emergency alert appears on your device, take the following steps right away:

  • Stay Calm - Keeping a clear head allows you to understand the alert and make smart, safe decisions. Panic can lead to confusion and delay.
  • Follow Instructions - The alert will include specific guidance, whether it’s to evacuate, shelter in place, or avoid a particular area. Follow these directions immediately and completely.
  • Seek Shelter - In cases like mass shootings or threats of violence, you may be told to shelter in place. Lock doors, stay away from windows, and remain quiet until it's safe.
  • Prepare to Evacuate - If the alert calls for evacuation, gather essential items such as identification, medication, and emergency supplies. Use official routes and avoid potentially dangerous areas.
  • Stay Informed - Continue monitoring updates from trusted sources, including government agencies, news outlets, or emergency services, for ongoing developments or additional instructions.

Sometimes, an alert may be issued without public details about the incident. This can be for safety or operational reasons. Even if the alert lacks full context, always comply with the instructions based on real-time assessments of potential danger.

Receiving Civil Emergency Alerts on Your Phone

Alert Ready and Civil Emergency Notifications

Alert Ready is Canada’s national public alerting system that delivers critical emergency notifications, including civil emergency alerts, directly to compatible wireless devices. These alerts are automatic and cannot be opted out of, ensuring that everyone receives potentially life-saving information without needing to sign up.

To confirm that you can receive these alerts, check your phone or tablet’s compatibility. Most modern devices are supported, but if you're unsure, consult your device manufacturer or visit the Alert Ready website for more details. For a deeper dive into how Alert Ready works, check out our blog post: Broadcast Intrusive Alert Systems: How Alert Ready Works in Canada.

How to Receive A Civil Emergency Alert if Your Device is Not Compatible with Alert Ready

If your device isn’t compatible with Alert Ready, there are still several effective ways to stay informed during a civil emergency:

  • Sign Up for Local Alert Systems - Many provinces, municipalities, and regions operate their own emergency notification services that send alerts via SMS, email, or phone call. Look up your local emergency management agency to register.
  • Download the Alertable App - Alertable provides timely alerts for a wide range of emergencies, including civil emergencies, across Canada. You can customize alerts by location and type, and even if your municipality doesn’t use Alertable directly, the app still receives alerts from Alert Ready, Environment Canada, and other trusted sources. To learn more about Alertable, check out: Why Emergency Notification Software Like Alertable Is Essential Today
  • Monitor Local News Outlets - Radio, TV, and news websites often broadcast emergency information as events unfold. Tuning in to these sources is a reliable backup if you miss or can’t access digital alerts.

Staying Informed and Prepared with Civil Emergency Alerts

Understanding civil emergency alerts and the situations that trigger them is essential to safeguarding yourself, your loved ones, and your community. These alerts are not issued lightly, they are deployed only when there is a genuine threat to public safety. By familiarizing yourself with the nature of civil emergencies, you’re better equipped to respond quickly and appropriately when seconds count.

Ensuring that your device is compatible with the Alert Ready system is a key step toward receiving life-saving notifications. But even if your device isn’t compatible, there are reliable alternatives like local alert systems and apps such as Alertable that can keep you informed. Staying aware through multiple channels, including news outlets, social media, and official communications, adds an extra layer of security and ensures you won’t miss important updates.

Preparedness is a shared responsibility. By staying informed, verifying your alert options, and knowing how to act during a civil emergency, you contribute to a safer and more resilient community. In times of crisis, being alert isn’t just helpful; it’s vital.