Wildfire Evacuation: Alerts, Orders, and How to Stay Safe

Introduction to Wildfire Evacuation

Recently Canada and many other parts of the world have experienced record-setting wildfire seasons, highlighting the critical importance of understanding evacuation protocols. In the province of British Columbia (BC), the 2023 wildfire season was the most expensive and destructive wildfire season in history. They had a total of 2,293 recorded fires, which scorched more than 25,000 square kilometers of land. This alarming trend is not confined to Canada; countries such as the United States, Australia, and several European nations have also seen unprecedented wildfire activity in recent years. 

Wildfires, driven by extreme heat, prolonged droughts, and strong winds, have become increasingly common due to climate change. The impact of these fires is devastating, not only in terms of the area burned but also in the loss of human lives, homes, and wildlife habitats. As these fires grow in frequency and intensity, the need for effective evacuation strategies becomes more urgent.

Wildfire Evacuations are a critical component of emergency response during wildfires. They involve moving people from dangerous areas to safer locations, minimizing the risk to human life. However, the success of a wildfire evacuation depends heavily on the timely dissemination of information and an understanding of the difference between evacuation alerts and orders.

Understanding the Differences Between Wildfire Evacuation Alerts and Orders

Wildfire evacuation necessitates clear communication and swift action to ensure public safety. Among the critical components of such communication are wildfire evacuation alerts and wildfire evacuation orders. Although both aim to protect lives and property, they serve different purposes and require different responses from the public. Understanding these differences is essential for effective preparedness and response during wildfire emergencies.

What is a Wildfire Evacuation Alert?

A Wildfire Evacuation Alert is a precautionary notice issued by authorities when a wildfire poses a potential threat to a community. It is essentially a warning that residents should be prepared to leave their homes on short notice. The primary goal of an evacuation alert is to give residents time to prepare for a possible wildfire evacuation, reducing the chaos and confusion that can occur during a sudden evacuation order.

Key Characteristics of a Wildfire Evacuation Alert:

• Precautionary Measure - A wildfire evacuation alert is issued when there is a potential risk from a wildfire, but immediate evacuation is not yet necessary.
• Preparation Time - It allows residents to gather essential items, secure their homes, and make arrangements for pets, livestock, and family members with special needs.
• Stay Informed - Residents are advised to stay tuned to local news, official websites, and emergency notifications for updates on the fire's progress.
• Voluntary Movement - While the alert does not require immediate evacuation, some residents, especially those with mobility issues, may choose to leave early to avoid last-minute rushes.

What is a Wildfire Evacuation Order?

A Wildfire Evacuation Order is an urgent directive issued when a wildfire poses an imminent threat to life and property. Unlike a wildfire evacuation alert, an evacuation order requires residents to leave the area immediately. The decision to issue an evacuation order is typically based on the advice of fire and emergency services, considering factors such as the fire's proximity, behavior, and potential to impact the community.

Key Characteristics of a Wildfire Evacuation Order:

• Immediate Danger - A wildfire evacuation order indicates that the threat is imminent, and staying could result in injury or death.
• Mandatory Evacuation - Residents are legally required to leave their homes and move to a safer location immediately.
• Enforcement - Law enforcement and emergency personnel may enforce the evacuation order to ensure public safety.
• Route Guidance - Authorities provide specific evacuation routes and instructions to ensure safe and orderly evacuation.
• Restricted Access - Once an evacuation order is in place, access to the affected area is restricted, and residents cannot return until the order is lifted.

Checkout Alertable Template for Wildfire Evacuation Alert and Order:

Steps to Take During a Wildfire Evacuation Alert

When under a WIldfire Evacuation Alert, FireSmart BC recommends taking several precautionary steps to ensure readiness:

• Prepare  72-hour kits - These should include essential items like medication, important documents, emergency plans, and cherished mementos. Have these kits ready at the front door or packed in your vehicle. For a complete list of what to include in a 72-hour kit, check our blog: 72 Hour Emergency Kits: The Ultimate Guide to Emergency Preparedness
• Fuel Your Vehicle - Ensure your vehicle's fuel tank is at least half-full to avoid running out of gas during an evacuation.
• Move Flammable Items Indoors - Patio furniture, cushions, and doormats should be brought inside to prevent them from catching fire.
• Remove Flammable Window Treatments - Take down curtains and other window treatments that could easily ignite.
• Prepare Water Sources - Connect garden hoses and fill large containers with water, such as pools, hot tubs, and garbage cans. These water sources can help firefighters and slow advancing flames.
• Make Your Home Visible - Ensure your house number is visible to help firefighters locate your home quickly.
• Disconnect Automatic Garage Door Openers - This allows garage doors to be opened manually if the power goes out.
• Create a Communication Plan - Ensure all family members know where to meet and how to communicate during an evacuation. Have a list of emergency contacts readily available.
• Secure Pets and Livestock - Make arrangements for pets and livestock. Prepare pet carriers, leashes, and food. If possible, move livestock to a safer location.
• Backup Important Data - Ensure that important digital files are backed up to an external drive or cloud service to avoid data loss.
• Photograph Property - Take photos or videos of your property, including the interior and exterior of your home, to document its condition for insurance purposes.
• Monitor Emergency Updates - Continuously monitor local news, official websites, and social media for updates on the wildfire and potential changes to the evacuation alert.
  Inform Neighbors: If safe to do so, inform your neighbors about the evacuation alert, especially those who may need assistance, such as the elderly or those with disabilities.
• Charge Electronic Devices - Ensure all your electronic devices, such as cell phones and power banks, are fully charged in case of a power outage.
• Prepare a Personal Emergency Kit - Include items such as first aid supplies, water, non-perishable food, flashlights, batteries, and personal hygiene items.
• Consider Special Needs - If you have family members with special needs, make sure to pack necessary medical equipment, supplies, and medications.
• Plan for Financial Needs - Have cash on hand, as ATMs and credit card machines may not be operational during an evacuation.
• Review Insurance Policies - Familiarize yourself with your insurance policies and coverage, and have contact information for your insurance provider readily available.

By taking these comprehensive steps during a Wildfire Evacuation Alert, you can ensure that you and your family are prepared to evacuate quickly and safely if an Evacuation Order is issued.

Steps to Take During a Wildfire Evacuation Order

When a Wildfire Evacuation Order is issued, immediate action is required:

• Leave Immediately - Do not delay your departure. Grab your family, and your 72-hour kit, and go. If it is safe to do so, close doors and windows and turn on both interior and exterior lights so your home is visible to firefighters in heavy smoke on your way out.
• Secure Your Home - If possible, shut off utilities such as gas, water, and electricity to reduce the risk of fire or damage.
• Follow Official Directions - Evacuate using the routes identified by officials and adhere to their instructions. Be mindful of emergency vehicles, other evacuees, and changing conditions on the road. Follow traffic laws and drive carefully to avoid accidents.
• Avoid Flooded Areas - If the evacuation is due to a wildfire threatening to cause flash floods or mudslides, avoid driving through water-covered roads.
• Stay Calm and Focused - Keep a clear head, follow your emergency plan, and focus on getting yourself and your loved ones to safety.
• Inform Family and Friends - Let your family and friends know that you are evacuating and provide them with your intended destination and contact information.
• Assist Neighbors - If safe to do so, check on neighbors, especially those who are elderly, disabled, or have young children, to ensure they are aware of the evacuation order and offer assistance if needed.
• Check-In at Evacuation Centers - Once you reach a safe area, check in at designated evacuation centers, even if you don’t plan to stay there, so officials know you are safe.
• Keep Communication Devices Charged - Use your phone sparingly to conserve battery life, and keep it charged using power banks or vehicle chargers.
• Stay Informed - Continue to stay tuned for other possible evacuation alerts or orders.
• Document Your Evacuation - Keep a record of your evacuation, including where you went and any expenses incurred, for insurance and assistance purposes.
• Do Not Return Until Safe - Only return home when the evacuation order has been rescinded by officials. Continue to stay alert for other possible evacuation alerts or orders.

The Importance of Obeying Wildfire Evacuation Orders

Obeying wildfire evacuation orders is crucial for personal safety and the effectiveness of firefighting efforts. As Tracy Hughes of the Columbia Shuswap Regional District explained to the Times Columnist, staying behind during an evacuation can hinder the efforts of emergency responders and make property loss more likely.

“(Crews) cannot use water bombers, they can’t use helicopters if they know there are people in those areas,” Hughes emphasized. Therefore, residents must evacuate when ordered, as their presence can jeopardize their lives and the lives of others.

In some extreme cases, first responders will not be able to help people who choose not to evacuate. The intense conditions of a wildfire can make it impossible for emergency services to reach those who remain behind, leaving them in grave danger.

Staying Informed with Alertable During a Wildfire Evacuation

For communities utilizing the Alertable app, signing up for notifications is an effective way to stay informed about Wildfire Evacuation Alerts and Orders. The Alertable app provides timely notifications, ensuring residents know when to evacuate and are prepared to do so.

The Role of Community Preparedness for Wildfire Evacuations

Community preparedness for a wildfire evacuation is a collective effort. Local governments, emergency services, and residents must work together to ensure everyone understands the protocols and is ready to act. Educational programs and accessible information about wildfire risks and evacuation procedures are vital components of this preparedness.

Providing accessible information through various channels, such as Alertable, websites, social media, and local news outlets, ensures that everyone stays informed about potential wildfire risks and necessary precautions. Clear, concise communication from local authorities is key to ensuring compliance with wildfire evacuation alerts and orders. Know who the trusted authority is in your community and ensure you follow their instructions if an evacuation alert or order is issued. 

Wildfire Evacuation: Staying Prepared to Stay Safe

Understanding the difference between a Wildfire Evacuation Alert and a Wildfire Evacuation Order is crucial for the safety and preparedness of communities in wildfire-prone areas. By following the recommended steps during a Wildfire Evacuation Alert and acting promptly during a Wildfire Evacuation Order, residents can protect themselves, their families, and their properties. Community preparedness and proactive measures are essential components of effective wildfire management and evacuation. As communities continue to face the challenges posed by wildfires, being prepared and informed will help mitigate the devastating impacts and ensure a safer evacuation process.

Check out our blog on Heat Warnings: Understanding Heat Warnings: Criteria, Updates, and the Role of Alertable